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Sauropod dinosaurs were the largest animals ever to walk the earth, and they represent a substantial portion of vertebrate biomass and biodiversity during the Mesozoic Era. The story of sauropod evolution is told in an extensive fossil record of skeletons and footprints that span the globe and 150 million years of earth history. This generously illustrated volume is the first comprehensive scientific summary of sauropod evolution and paleobiology. The contributors explore sauropod anatomy, detail its variations, and question the myth that life at large size led to evolutionary stagnation and eventual replacement by more "advanced" herbivorous dinosaurs. Chapters address topics such as the evolutionary history and diversity of sauropods; methods for creating three-dimensional reconstructions of their skeletons; questions of sauropod herbivory, tracks, gigantism, locomotion, reproduction, growth rates, and more. This book, together with the recent surge in sauropod discoveries around the world and taxonomic revisions of fragmentary genera, will shed new light on "nature's greatest extravagances."

Paleobiology. --- Saurischia --- Saurischia. --- Palaeobiology --- Biology --- Paleontology --- Saurischians --- Sauropoda --- Dinosaurs --- Anatomy. --- Morphology. --- Evolution. --- andesaurus. --- apatosaurus. --- brachiosaurus. --- camarasaurus. --- cetiosaurus. --- dicraeosaurus. --- dinosaurs. --- diplodocoids. --- diplodocus. --- early cretaceous. --- evolution. --- fossil digs. --- fossil record. --- fossils. --- gigantism. --- growth rates. --- herbivorous dinosaurs. --- malawisaurus. --- nemegtosaurus. --- nigersaurus. --- nonfiction. --- paleobiology. --- paleontology. --- prosauropods. --- reproduction. --- saltasaurus. --- saurischia. --- sauropod anatomy. --- sauropod herbivory. --- sauropods. --- science. --- shunosaurus. --- skeletons. --- titanosaur. --- titanosauriformes. --- tracks.

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Georges-Louis Leclerc, le comte de Buffon's The Epochs of Nature, originally published as Les Époques de la Nature in 1778, is one of the first great popular science books, a work of style and insight that was devoured by Catherine the Great of Russia and influenced Humboldt, Darwin, Lyell, Vernadsky, and many other renowned scientists. It is the first geological history of the world, stretching from the Earth's origins to its foreseen end, and though Buffon was limited by the scientific knowledge of his era-the substance of the Earth was not, as he asserts, dragged out of the sun by a giant comet, nor is the sun's heat generated by tidal forces-many of his deductions appear today as startling insights. And yet, The Epochs of Nature has never before been available in its entirety in English-until now. In seven epochs, Buffon reveals the main features of an evolving Earth, from its hard rock substrate to the sedimentary layers on top, from the minerals and fossils found within these layers to volcanoes, earthquakes, and rises and falls in sea level-and he even touches on age-old mysteries like why the sun shines. In one of many moments of striking scientific prescience, Buffon details evidence for species extinction a generation before Cuvier's more famous assertion of the phenomenon. His seventh and final epoch does nothing less than offer the first geological glimpse of the idea that humans are altering the very foundations of the Earth-an idea of remarkable resonance as we debate the designation of another epoch: the Anthropocene. Also featuring Buffon's extensive "Notes Justificatives," in which he offers further evidence to support his assertions (and discusses vanished monstrous North American beasts-what we know as mastodons-as well as the potential existence of human giants), plus an enlightening introduction by editor and translator Jan Zalasiewicz and historians of science Sverker Sörlin, Libby Robin, and Jacques Grinevald, this extraordinary new translation revives Buffon's quite literally groundbreaking work for a new age.

Natural history. --- popular science, vernadsky, lyell, darwin, humboldt, geology, translated works, translation, evolution, minerals, fossils, volcano, earthquakes, sea level, rock layers, fossil record, anthropocene, species extinction, mastodons, ice age, nonfiction, paleontology, genesis, allegory, religion, creation, cosmology, universe, enlightenment, earth sciences, history, france.

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Hans Thewissen, a leading researcher in the field of whale paleontology and anatomy, gives a sweeping first-person account of the discoveries that brought to light the early fossil record of whales. As evidenced in the record, whales evolved from herbivorous forest-dwelling ancestors that resembled tiny deer to carnivorous monsters stalking lakes and rivers and to serpentlike denizens of the coast. Thewissen reports on his discoveries in the wilds of India and Pakistan, weaving a narrative that reveals the day-to-day adventures of fossil collection, enriching it with local flavors from South Asian culture and society. The reader senses the excitement of the digs as well as the rigors faced by scientific researchers, for whom each new insight gives rise to even more questions, and for whom at times the logistics of just staying alive may trump all science. In his search for an understanding of how modern whales live their lives, Thewissen also journeys to Japan and Alaska to study whales and wild dolphins. He finds answers to his questions about fossils by studying the anatomy of otters and porpoises and examining whale embryos under the microscope. In the book's final chapter, Thewissen argues for approaching whale evolution with the most powerful tools we have and for combining all the fields of science in pursuit of knowledge.

Whales, Fossil --- Whales --- Paleontology --- Cetacea --- Cetacea, Fossil --- Fossilogy --- Fossilology --- Palaeontology --- Paleontology, Zoological --- Paleozoology --- Historical geology --- Zoology --- Fossils --- Prehistoric animals in motion pictures --- Evolution. --- alaska. --- archaeology. --- carnivorous. --- discussion books. --- evolution. --- evolutionary theory. --- extinction. --- fossil collection. --- fossil collectors. --- fossil hunters. --- fossil record. --- herbivorous mammals. --- india. --- japan. --- lakes and rivers. --- life sciences. --- millions of years. --- modern whales. --- natural history. --- nonfiction. --- pakistan. --- paleontologists. --- paleontology. --- prehistory. --- scientific researchers. --- scientists. --- sea mammal anatomy. --- south asian culture. --- tiny deer. --- whale anatomy. --- whale evolution. --- wild dolphins. --- zoologists. --- zoology.

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Using cases of plant migration documented by both historical and fossil evidence, Jonathan D. Sauer provides a landmark assessment of what is presently known, and not merely assumed, about the process.

Phytogeography. --- Plants - Migration. --- Plants-- Migration. --- Vegetation dynamics. --- Plants --- Vegetation dynamics --- Phytogeography --- Botany --- Earth & Environmental Sciences --- Plant Geography --- Migration --- Migration. --- Botanical geography --- Geobotany --- Geographical distribution of plants --- Plant distribution --- Plant geography --- Plant species --- Dynamics of vegetation --- Migration of plants --- Plant migration --- Geographical distribution --- Biogeography --- Disjunct plants --- Acclimatization (Plants) --- Plant communities --- Vegetation and climate --- Plants - Migration --- #WPLT:syst --- 581.522.6 --- 581.9 --- 581.9 Geographic botany. Plant geography (phytogeography). Floras. Geographic distribution of plants --- Geographic botany. Plant geography (phytogeography). Floras. Geographic distribution of plants --- 581.522.6 Migration. Dissemination --- Migration. Dissemination --- academic. --- aquatic habitats. --- belize. --- biologist. --- biology. --- flora. --- fossil evidence. --- fossil record. --- fossil. --- geography. --- gulf of mexico. --- historical. --- holocene. --- invasive plants. --- mangrove swamp. --- native plants. --- plant habitat. --- plant migration. --- plant species. --- plants. --- prehistoric. --- scholarly. --- science. --- scientific. --- seed plants. --- swamps. --- tropical plants. --- vegetation. --- weeds. --- world history.